If you’ve ever had to deal with a weird file type that wouldn’t open, you know how tempting it is to turn to a free file converter online. Maybe you just need to convert a scanned exhibit into a searchable PDF, or a client sent you a document in a format you’ve never seen before. A quick search, click, upload, download, and boom – you’re done.
But that shortcut might come with serious consequences.
The FBI has issued a new warning about fake file converter websites being used to spread malware and ransomware. These sites look legitimate and promise a quick fix. However, what you’re really downloading could infect your network, steal sensitive data, and lock up your firm’s files.
Let’s talk about how this happens, why it’s a growing threat for law firms specifically, and what you can do to stay protected.
Why File Converters Seem Like a Simple Fix
Law firms work with a wide variety of document types. Some come from courts, others from clients or opposing counsel, and not all of them are in user-friendly formats. You might run into:
- Outdated file types that won’t open in modern software
- Scanned documents that need to be editable
- Large video or audio files that need to be compressed or converted to another format
Most firms don’t have in-house tools for every conversion scenario. It’s easy for staff to turn to a quick Google search and click on the first free file converter they find. It feels like an easy solution. And for a long time, it was.
But cybercriminals have caught on.
What’s Actually Happening Behind the Scenes
According to the FBI Denver Field Office, cyber attackers are now creating fake file conversion websites that do more than just convert documents. These sites deliver malware hidden in the files users download.
These aren’t your run-of-the-mill pop-up ads or spammy toolbars. We’re talking about serious malware such as NetSupport RAT, DarkGate, and RacoonStealer. These are designed to:
- Capture login credentials and keystrokes
- Steal documents, emails, and client data
- Provide a backdoor for future ransomware attacks
Many of these tools are built to avoid detection. This means your firm could be infected long before anyone notices. Once that door is open, attackers can quietly move through your systems and cause major damage. This could range from client data leaks to full-on business shutdowns.
What Makes Law Firms a Prime Target
Law firms are attractive to attackers because of the nature of the data you handle. Case files, financial documents, and privileged communication are all valuable. Many small to mid-sized firms don’t have dedicated cybersecurity resources in-house, which makes them an easier target.
It’s also common for non-technical staff to handle document tasks, and they may not be aware of the risks involved in using unverified online tools.
How to Protect Your Firm
Fortunately, you don’t have to give up convenience to stay secure. Here’s how to keep your team safe without slowing them down:
1. Create Clear Rules Around Online Tools
Make it policy that staff should never use online file converters without explicit approval. A simple internal policy can prevent a lot of unnecessary risk.
2. Offer Secure Alternatives
If people need to convert files, give them the right tools to do it safely. Invest in software that handles conversions internally or through a trusted platform.
3. Train Your Team (Yes, Everyone)
Even the best tools don’t help if people don’t know when to use them. Share this FBI alert as part of your next internal training. Make it clear what to avoid and who to ask if they’re unsure.
4. Use Advanced Protection Tools
Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) software can catch and isolate threats early. Combine that with email filtering, multi-factor authentication, and a solid backup plan to give yourself multiple layers of defense.
What to Do If You Think You’ve Been Hit
If someone on your team accidentally downloads a malicious file:
- Disconnect the device from your network immediately to stop the spread.
- Notify your IT support or cybersecurity partner right away.
- Initiate your incident response plan, including changing passwords, checking backups, and possibly notifying clients or regulators.
- Report the incident to the FBI via IC3.gov.
A Simple Mistake Shouldn’t Take Down Your Whole Firm
The internet is full of tools that promise to make your day easier, but not all of them have your best interests in mind. The risk from these fake file converters is real, and the impact on your firm could be significant.
At Xentric Solutions, we help law firms like yours stay protected without making things complicated. If your team is still using random tools they find online, it might be time for a smarter, safer plan.
Is your firm protected from the next “free” download?